Glossary

What is the OFAC 50% Rule?

OFAC rule stating that entities owned 50% or more in aggregate by blocked persons are also considered blocked, even if not named on the SDN List.

Definition

The rule operates by aggregation: if Person A (blocked) owns 25% and Person B (blocked) owns 25% of Entity X, then Entity X is blocked by the 50% rule. The ownership is calculated by voting shares, ownership interests, or other controlling interests.

Regulatory context

OFACs 50% Rule provides that any entity owned in the aggregate of 50% or more by one or more blocked persons is considered a blocked person itself, even if the entity is not individually named on the SDN List.

Who it affects

Any entity that is 50% or more owned in aggregate by blocked persons. This can include shell companies, trading entities, investment vehicles, and operating businesses.

Relevance to AI agents

AI agents that screen only explicit SDN names miss the 50% Rule exposure. Your agent could process a payment to an entity not on any list but owned by blocked persons. Name-based screening should be complemented by entity resolution and ownership analysis.

agentmail coverage

agentmail screens names against the SDN list including aliases. For 50% Rule scenarios, we recommend combining agentmails fuzzy name matching with your own entity ownership data to catch indirect sanctions links.

FAQ

1. Does the 50% Rule apply to crypto addresses?

The rule applies to entities, not addresses. However, if a wallet is owned by an entity that falls under the 50% Rule, transactions with that wallet are prohibited.

2. How do I check for 50% Rule exposure?

agentmail matches names against the SDN list with fuzzy matching. For full 50% Rule analysis, combine name screening with entity resolution data showing beneficial ownership structures.

3. What happens if I transact with an entity caught by the 50% Rule?

The same strict liability penalties apply as if you transacted with a named SDN. The fact that the entity was not on the SDN List is not a defense.

Related glossary terms

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